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Agricultural and environmental engineering research
Research examples

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The  research examples selected here present a few examples of the recent advances made in the various research domains of the institute. They deal with sustainable-development issues such as the preservation of the quality of natural resources and of biodiversity confronted with human activities, anticipation and prevention of natural hazards, prevention of pollution and waste treatment, multi-functional management of rural areas, conflict management between different uses of natural resources such as water or quality control in the production and transformation of foodstuffs. Greater understanding of the links between sustainable management of land and of water requires more research on the role of water in territorial dynamics, taking into account governance difficulties caused by the different management scales.

The interviews accompanying each example illustrate the Cemagref approach to research, in close partnerships with companies, local governments and the various ministries and government agencies. These research efforts also depend on collaboration with a number of other French organisations and universities. And of course on the European research community, notably in devising a strategy for the framework of the PEER network (Partnership for European Environmental Research) that I have the honor of presiding. The examples discussed here also present the prospects for a few of our priorities in the coming years, i.e. develop the economic and social approaches in our research themes, strengthen the relations between land and water systems, reinforce our work on hazards and develop ecotechnologies. I hope this document will prove interesting and useful.

 

 

   Water resources, uses and risks

Systems for joint management of water resources
New types of cooperation in agriculturalirrigation with the Maghreb
Flood levees under close scrutiny
Links between climate change and extreme hydrological events?
Access to water, a new performance criterion for public water companies
Evaluating the cost of irrigation water
A flood-alert system covering the hydrographic network
Simulating the behaviour of protection structures against risks in mountain areas
Combined use of conceptual models and the Monte Carlo method for avalanche simulation
Modelling aeration processes in wastewater treatment plants
A robust control for regulated river systems
Optimising oxygen transfer in wastewater treatment plants
Measuring the ageing of sealing systems in hazardous waste landfills
Optimum management of drinking water networks
Evaluating the performance of local public water services
Irrigation, a high-performance technique that can be used more efficiently
A field laboratory for studying erosion and solid transport: the Draix BVRE

Building model expressing how snow is transported by wind
Pollution-free manure processing
Influence of surfactants on oxygen transfer in waste water
Modelling pipe renewal in partnership with system operators
Improving water management policies, a major world issue
Partnership with consulting engineers on numerical simulation of rockfill dams
Electronic memory of risks in mountain areas
Mapping embankment condition for better flood control
Software to improve domestic water supply
Better water sharing in irrigated river catchment
 

  Freshwater systems, quality and pollution
Wastewater treatment using phosphorus to trap phosphorus  
WFD and aquatic environments,from diagnostics to restoration
Diatoms as indicators of river ecological quality
Landfill linings
Measuring waste biodegradability to improve composting processes
A statistical model to simulate ageing of sewer networks
Models used to monitor eel populations
Models used to evaluate the effect of pollutants on aquatic environments
Understanding and modelling interactions between agricultural drainage ditches, catchments and wetlands
Hydro-ecoregions—a natural framework for water management
Micropollutant bioavailability and toxicity
When history enhances flood prevention
An international hydrology project: FRIEND
How the risk of flooding can be managed better by taking into account socio-economic aspects
Habitat conditions and trout population dynamics
Efficiency of wastewater treatment, and quality of river water
Managing populations of migratory fish
Earth observation for flood control: NOAH European project
Diatoms as water quality indicators: collaboration with Catchment Authorities
Role of buffer zones and ditches in combating phytosanitary pollution of surface waters
Simulating the dynamics of a shad population
Modelling sediment transport in rivers
Physics helps predict the environmental impacts of river development
The invasion of the Ludwigia peploides 
    Land management

Calculating resilience for better management of ecosystems and territories
Economics of recreation in forests
Landscapes, an economic factor in regional development
Optimising and preserving the role of mountain forests in protecting against natural hazards
Flammability and combustibility of vegetation after wildfires
Territorial valorisation and agritourism
Agricultural multi-functionality and sustainable development
Impact of forestry-management techniques on forest biodiversity
Revegetation of damaged areas and the contribution of functional ecology
 Management of mountain pasture ecosystems—striking a balance between ecology and agriculture
3D modelling of rockfalls to enhance the sustainability of mountain forest management 
Alternative use of farmland with quick-growing trees
Landscapes and poplars
Anchoring firms spatially in the rural environment: from the functional space to the territorial space
Diagnosing and foreseeing changes in the herbage of mountain dairy pastures
Evaluation of mountain policy
Evaluating and mapping the risk of forest fire in the Maures massif
The public-interest group ECOFOR
Satellite imaging helps reconcile agriculture and environment in Charente catchment
Ecotones as indicators of agricultural abandonment:Vanoise nature reserve
International conservation effort on elm genetic diversity
Public policy and the countryside: goals and initial results
Modelling Alpine forest dynamics
A complete model of growth and branching of European black pine

 
  Ecotechnologies and agrosystems

Controlling the cold chain to ensure the quality of refrigerated products
Exploring beyond the crust
Calculating resilience for better management of ecosystems and territories
From automatic guidance to dynamic safety of vehicles in natural environments
Information systems for spreading of organic matter
Very high-resolution imaging for European vineyards
Reducing the impact of the cold chain on the environment
Ice slurry refrigeration
Sludge assessed like concrete
Safer agricultural machinery in compliance with European standards
Developing a modulated fertilising system
New refrigeration technologies
Building a model of the flows and the transfers in the cold chain
Automating the measurement of sugar content in fruit using a non-destructive method
NMR relaxometry and foodstuffs
Mechanising gherkin harvesting
European partnership for non-polluting weeding prototype
Magnetic resonance in the cheese industry
Feedback on operational expert system in tractor test bed
Satellites that drive tractors...
Close protection for food packaging
Organizing data in an information system: The need for traceability 

 
  Shared scientific methods
couv-methodo.jpg (20610 octets)

Software engineering in designing geographic information systems
Multi-scale models to monitor the trajectory of pesticide droplets
An experimental approach to test model quality
Geographic and spatial information as a decision-making tool
An economic and geographical model for agricultural activity location
Rational agriculture and farm management 
"Incubation" of the Geographical Information Department of MAAPAR 
Combining spatial and temporal information to predict avalanche hazards
X-NT platform, universal surface water management program
Model Ling combats health risk in French beef production
From expert evaluation to research: The 1999 mudslides in Venezuela
From theoretical model to practical software application:
Better flood forecasting

A "Green Sticker" for agricultural sprayers
Towards coherent integration of the environment in public policies : the Collective Services Schema for Natural and Rural Areas (SSCENR)
Joint expert evaluation following the damage to forests caused by the storms of December 1999

    

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